Inkjet-Based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Method Coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS for the Determination of Aflatoxins in Wheat

Anal Chem. 2019 Feb 19;91(4):3027-3034. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05344. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Abstract

A novel method was developed for determination of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) in wheat using inkjet-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A drop-on-demand jetting device was used to form a cloudy solution in traditional DLLME by injecting extraction solvent (10 μL) as ultrafine droplets (∼20 μm diameter) at high frequency into sample solution. The method was validated using wheat as a representative matrix, which was pretreated with acetonitrile/water solution. Good linearity was observed over the studied range (0.06-6 μg/kg), and the limits of quantification (0.06-0.18 μg/kg) were below the maximum level established by the European Union for cereal. Satisfactory recoveries, ranging from 83.2% to 93.0% with relative standard deviations below 4.6%, were obtained for all compounds. The method, which is convenient and reliable and has low solvent consumption, represents a new direction for the development of traditional DLLME technology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aflatoxins / analysis*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Edible Grain / chemistry*
  • Food Contamination / analysis*
  • Ink*
  • Liquid Phase Microextraction*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Particle Size
  • Surface Properties
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Aflatoxins