Trametinib Toxicities in Patients With Low-grade Gliomas and Diabetes Insipidus: Related Findings?

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2020 May;42(4):e248-e250. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000001427.

Abstract

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) represent the most common form of primary central nervous system tumor arising in childhood. There is growing evidence to support the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in driving tumor growth and MEK inhibitors are being investigated in clinical trials for refractory and unresectable LGGs. As MEK inhibitors progress through clinical trials, drug toxicities have been identified. We report on 2 pediatric patients with LGG and known diabetes insipidus who developed severe hyponatraemia associated with significant decreases in desmopressin doses after starting trametinib. We review potential mechanisms for this sodium imbalance by examining the interaction between MEK inhibition and aquaporin channel physiology. We recommend close monitoring of serum sodium levels and clinical status in patients with diabetes insipidus who have optic-hypothalamic gliomas and are started on treatment with MEK inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Diabetes Insipidus* / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Insipidus* / metabolism
  • Diabetes Insipidus* / pathology
  • Eye Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Eye Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Eye Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Female
  • Glioma* / drug therapy
  • Glioma* / metabolism
  • Glioma* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamic Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Hypothalamic Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Pyridones / administration & dosage
  • Pyridones / adverse effects*
  • Pyrimidinones / administration & dosage
  • Pyrimidinones / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Pyridones
  • Pyrimidinones
  • trametinib