Central nervous system effects of the histamine-3 receptor antagonist CEP-26401, in comparison with modafinil and donepezil, after a single dose in a cross-over study in healthy volunteers

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2019 May;85(5):970-985. doi: 10.1111/bcp.13885. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Abstract

Aims: In previous studies, the histamine-3 receptor antagonist CEP-26401 had a subtle effect on spatial working memory, with the best effect seen at the lowest dose tested (20 μg), and a dose-dependent disruption of sleep. In the current study, 3 low-dose levels of CEP-26401 were compared with modafinil and donepezil.

Methods: In this double-blind, placebo- and positive-controlled, randomized, partial 6-way cross-over study, 40 healthy subjects received single doses of placebo, CEP-26401 (5, 25 or 125 μg) or modafinil 200 mg or donepezil 10 mg. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measurements were performed predose and at designated time points postdose.

Results: The main endpoint between-errors of the spatial working memory-10-boxes task only improved for the 125 μg dose of CEP-26401 with a difference of 2.92 (confidence interval [CI] -1.21 to 7.05), 3.24 (CI -1.57 to 8.04) and 7.45 (CI 2.72 to 12.19) for respectively the 5, 25 and 125 μg dose of CEP-26401, -1.65 (CI -0.572 to 1.96) for modafinil and - 3.55 (CI -7.13 to 0.03) for donepezil. CEP-26401 induced an improvement of adaptive tracking, saccadic peak velocity and reaction time during N-back, but a dose-related inhibition of sleep and slight worsening of several cognitive parameters at the highest dose. CEP-26401 significantly changed several subjective visual analogue scales, which was strongest at 25 μg, causing the same energizing and happy feeling as modafinil, but with a more relaxed undertone.

Discussion: Of the doses tested, the 25 μg dose of CEP-26401 had the most optimal balance between favourable subjective effects and sleep inhibition. Whether CEP-26401 can have beneficial effects in clinical practice remains to be studied.

Keywords: drug metabolism; neurology; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; psychopharmacology.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Brain / drug effects*
  • Brain / physiology
  • Cognition / drug effects
  • Cognition / physiology
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / drug therapy
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Donepezil / administration & dosage
  • Donepezil / pharmacokinetics
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Histamine Antagonists / administration & dosage*
  • Histamine Antagonists / pharmacokinetics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Memory / drug effects
  • Memory / physiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Modafinil / administration & dosage
  • Modafinil / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyridazines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyridazines / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyrrolidines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyrrolidines / pharmacokinetics
  • Reaction Time / drug effects
  • Reaction Time / physiology
  • Receptors, Histamine H3 / metabolism
  • Sleep / drug effects
  • Sleep / physiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Histamine Antagonists
  • Pyridazines
  • Pyrrolidines
  • Receptors, Histamine H3
  • Donepezil
  • Modafinil
  • 6-(4-(3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one