Objective: To analyze the characteristics of epidemiology and neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroups distribution for meningococcal meningitis (MM) cases in China from 2015 to 2017. Methods: The data of MM cases were collected from National Notifiable Diseases Registry System (NNDRS) and case-based MM surveillance system (MMSS) from 2015 to 2017; Demographic data are from the National Bureau of statistics. Inclusion criteria: the date of onset was January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, the status of infectious disease report card was "final examination card", the cases are classified as "laboratory confirmed cases" and "clinical diagnostic cases", and the card data information of disease name was "Meningococcal meningitis". According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Meningococcal meningitis (WS295-2008), laboratory confirm was made for reported cases or clinically diagnosed cases of meningococcal meningitis. Results: From 2015 to 2017, a total of 325 MM cases were reported in China, with an average annual incidence of 0.007 9 per 100 000 population. And 148 cases were laboratory confirmed. There were 3, 15, 12, 5, 2 and 18 provinces which were reported serogroup A, B, C, W, Y, Others and NG MM Cases, respectively. Except for Tibet and Hainan, other provinces have reported group A cases; The provinces reporting group B, C, W and Y cases increased by 9, 11, 13 and 2 provinces in 2007, respectively compared with 2005. Serogroup B was the primary reason causing the cases of <1 year old and 1-6 years old children; and in this age group, 51.43% (18 cases) and 68.18% (15 cases) of group B were accounted for in laboratory confirmed, respectively; Serogroup C, others and NG was the major reason in the cases of 7-12 and >12 years old students and adults: 33.33% (5 cases) and 26.32% (20 cases) of group C were accounted for in laboratory confirmed respectively, then 26.67% (4 cases) and 34.21% (26 cases) of group others and NG were accounted for respectively; 2 cases of serogroup Y were all >12 years old. Conclusion: The epidemic serogroup of Nm caused MM cases showed a diversifying trend. To develop and provide new vaccines for serogroup B and other bacteria groups should be one of the important tasks for MM control and prevention in the future.
目的： 分析2015—2017年中国流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）病例的流行病学及菌群分布特征。 方法： 流脑病例资料来源于2015—2017年中国法定传染病信息报告管理系统（NNDRS），NNDRS的子系统2015—2017年流脑单病/专病监测信息报告管理系统；人口资料来自国家统计局。纳入标准为：发病日期为2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日，传染病报告卡状态为"已终审卡"，病例分类为"实验室诊断病例"和"临床诊断病例"，疾病名称为"流行性脑脊髓膜炎"的卡片数据信息。根据《流脑诊断标准》（WS295-2008），对报告为流脑病例或临床诊断病例进行实验室确诊。 结果： 2015—2017年累计报告流脑病例325例，年均发病率为0.007 9/10万；实验室确诊流脑病例148例；检测出A、B、C、W、Y群，其他及未分群流脑病例的省份分别有3、15、12、5、2和18个，除西藏自治区、海南外，其余各省份均报告过A群流脑病例；2017年报告B、C、W、Y群流脑病例的省份比2005年分别增加了9、11、13和2个省份。<1及1~6岁病例以B群为主，分别占该年龄组实验室确诊病例总数的51.43%（18例）和68.18%（15例）；7~12及>12岁人群以C群，其他及未分群病例为主，C群分别占33.33%（5例）和26.32%（20例），其他及未分群分别占26.67%（4例）和34.21%（26例）；Y群病例均>12岁（2例）。 结论： 中国流脑流行菌群呈现多元化趋势。研发和提供针对B群等其他菌群流脑的新疫苗应是今后流脑防控面临的重要任务之一。.
Keywords: Meningococcal meningitis; Neisseria meningitidis; Vaccines.