Three-Dimensional High-Definition Ventriculoscope: Single-Center Case Series

Objective: Three-dimensional (3D), high-definition (HD) endoscopy has been recently introduced in neurosurgery, and its value has been discussed extensively in endonasal skull base surgery. Because there has been no reported clinical series on the use of a recent 3D-HD ventriculoscope, the aim of this study was to describe our initial experience with this novel device.

Methods: Patients consecutively operated on from June 2016 to June 2018 with a 3D-HD ventriculoscope were prospectively collected. The system is a 6-mm, 0-degree optic with a 105-degree field of view, with a central working channel of 2.2-mm diameter and 2 side channels of 1.3-mm diameter. Patients' demographic data, preoperative symptoms, and neurologic status; neuroradiologic data; type of surgery; operative time; intraoperative and postoperative complications, and follow-up data were prospectively recorded and retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Twenty-four patients (age range: 3-84 years) underwent 25 procedures including endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy, biopsy, and cyst fenestration. The technical goal of surgery was obtained in all patients. There were no intraoperative complications, expect for 1 intraoperative epileptic seizure. Postoperative complications included asymptomatic subdural collections in 2 patients, infection, and delayed endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy closure in 1 patient each. Relative limits of the system are its size and the availability of only a 0-degree optic. Image quality appeared satisfactory in all procedures. The lack of a dedicated introducer was resolved, exploiting a vascular "peel-away" system.

Conclusions: 3D-HD technology seems to provide potential advantages in ventricular surgery. This initial experience is promising but must be confirmed by larger series.