Toward integrated understanding of salience in psychosis

Jun Miyata

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.03.002

Toward integrated understanding of salience in psychosis

Neurobiol Dis. 2019 Nov:131:104414. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.03.002. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Author

Jun Miyata¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 30849509
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.03.002

Abstract

Attribution of abnormally heightened salience to daily-life stimuli is considered to underlie psychosis. Dopaminergic hyperactivity in the midbrain-striatum is thought to cause such aberrant salience attribution. A "salience network" comprising the bilateral insula and anterior cingulate cortex is related to the processing of stimulus salience. In addition, visual and auditory attention is well described by a "saliency map". However, so far there has been no attempt to clarify these different domains of salience in an integrated way. This article provides an overview of the literature related to four domains of salience, tries to unite them, and attempts to extend the understanding of the relationship between aberrant salience and psychosis.

Keywords: Computational model; Dopamine; Salience; Salience network; Saliency map; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Attention / physiology
Brain / physiopathology*
Computer Simulation
Humans
Models, Neurological*
Psychotic Disorders / physiopathology*
Reward