Sialic Acids in Nonenveloped Virus Infections

Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem. 2019:76:65-111. doi: 10.1016/bs.accb.2018.09.004. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Abstract

Sialic acid-based glycoconjugates cover the surfaces of many different cell types, defining key properties of the cell surface such as overall charge or likely interaction partners. Because of this prominence, sialic acids play prominent roles in mediating attachment and entry to viruses belonging to many different families. In this review, we first describe how interactions between viruses and sialic acid-based glycan structures can be identified and characterized using a range of techniques. We then highlight interactions between sialic acids and virus capsid proteins in four different viruses, and discuss what these interactions have taught us about sialic acid engagement and opportunities to interfere with binding.

Keywords: Adenovirus; Antivirals; Coxsackievirus; Polyomaviruses; Reovirus; Sialic acid; Virus structure; Viruses; Virus–glycan interactions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Receptors, Virus / chemistry*
  • Receptors, Virus / metabolism
  • Sialic Acids / chemistry
  • Sialic Acids / metabolism
  • Sialic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Virus Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Virus Diseases / virology

Substances

  • Receptors, Virus
  • Sialic Acids