Management of Kaposi sarcoma after solid organ transplantation: A European retrospective study

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 Aug;81(2):448-455. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.03.028. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Abstract

Background: Systemic therapeutic management of post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is mainly based on 3 axes: reduction of immunosuppression, conversion to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

Objective: To obtain an overview of clinical strategies about the current treatment of KS.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study including 145 solid organ transplant recipients diagnosed with KS between 1985 and 2011 to collect data regarding first-line treatment and response at 6 months.

Results: Overall, 95%, 28%, and 16% of patients had reduction of immunosuppression, conversion to mTOR inhibitor, and chemotherapy, respectively. Patients treated with chemotherapy or mTOR inhibitor conversion were more likely to have visceral KS. At 6 months, 83% of patients had response, including 40% complete responses.

Limitations: The retrospective design of the study.

Conclusion: Currently available therapeutic options seem to be effective to control KS in most patients. Tapering down the immunosuppressive regimen remains the cornerstone of KS management.

Keywords: Kaposi sarcoma; chemotherapy; immunosuppression; mTOR inhibitor; organ transplantation; post-transplant malignancies.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Substitution
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / etiology
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / therapy*
  • Sirolimus / therapeutic use
  • Skin Neoplasms / etiology
  • Skin Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Survival Rate
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Tacrolimus / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Sirolimus
  • Tacrolimus