Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment in a low-volume and geographically isolated cardiothoracic centre

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2019 Aug;63(7):879-884. doi: 10.1111/aas.13367. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Abstract

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment is generally offered in large tertiary cardiothoracic referral centres. Here we present the indications and outcome of venovenous-ECMO (VV-ECMO) treatment in a low-volume, geographically isolated single-centre in Iceland, a country of 350 000 inhabitants. Our hypothesis was that patient survival in such a centre can be similar to that at high-volume centres.

Methods: A retrospective study that included all patients treated with VV-ECMO in Iceland from 1991-2016 (n = 17). Information on demographics, indications and in-hospital survival was collected from patient charts and APACHE II and Murray scores were calculated. Information on long-term survival was collected from a centralized registry.

Results: Seventeen patients were treated with VV-ECMO (nine males, median age 33 years, range 14-74), the indication for 16 patients was severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, most often following pneumonia (n = 6), H1N1-infection (n = 3) or drowning (n = 2). Median APACHE-II and Murray-scores were 20 and 3.5, respectively, and median duration of VV-ECMO treatment was 9 days (range 2-40 days). In total 11 patients (64,7%) survived the treatment, with 10 patients (58,8%) surviving hospital discharge, all of who were still alive at long-term follow-up, with a median follow-up time of 9 years (August 15th, 2017).

Conclusion: Venovenous-ECMO service can be provided in a low-volume and geographically isolated centre, like Iceland, with short- and long-term outcomes comparable to larger centres.

Keywords: acute lung injury; acute respiratory distress syndrome; extracorporeal life support; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; survival; venovenous ECMO.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • APACHE
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / statistics & numerical data*
  • Drowning
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Iceland
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pneumonia / complications
  • Registries
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Thoracic Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Thoracic Surgical Procedures / statistics & numerical data*
  • Young Adult