Family factors and depressive symptoms among college students: Understanding the role of self-compassion

J Am Coll Health. 2020 Oct;68(7):683-687. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1596920. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Abstract

Objective: Poor family support and increased family unpredictability during childhood have been related to subsequent depression. How self-compassion might influence the relation between family factors (ie, unpredictability and support) and depression is unclear. The present study examines how family factors and self-compassion relate to depressive symptoms.Participants: Study participants include 365 university students.Methods: Undergraduate students responded to a questionnaire assessing family factors, recent depressive symptoms, and self-compassion.Results: Hypotheses were supported: family factors were correlated with depression and lower self-compassion, and self-compassion and depression were negatively related. Furthermore, self-compassion moderated the unpredictability-depression relationship. Specifically, individuals who reported high levels of self-compassion demonstrated similar rates of depression, regardless of whether they reported mild, moderate, or high levels of family unpredictability. Self-compassion did not moderate the family support-depression relationship.Conclusions: Implications for therapeutic interventions targeting self-compassion for alleviating depressive symptoms are discussed.

Keywords: Depression; family support; family unpredictability; self-compassion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Depression / epidemiology*
  • Empathy
  • Family Relations / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Health
  • Self Concept*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Students / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Universities
  • Young Adult