Matched Cohort Analysis of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With and Without Parkinson's Disease: Complications, Mortality, Length of Stay, and Hospital Charges

J Arthroplasty. 2019 Jul;34(7S):S228-S231. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2019.03.023. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Abstract

Background: Increased complication rate has been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients following total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, this has not previously been studied on a national scale. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PD patients had increased cost, complication, mortality, and length of stay following THA using a national database.

Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample was evaluated for the years 2000-2014. PD patients were matched 1:3 with non-PD control patients for age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and year of admission using a propensity score matching procedure. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the relationship between PD and surgical outcomes in the matched cohort.

Results: 794,689 THAs were performed from 2000-2014. 4003 patients (0.50%) had comorbid Parkinson's disease. Before matching, arthroplasty patients with PD were significantly older (P < .001), more frequently male (P < .001), and had greater Charlson Comorbidity Index (P < .001). In the matched cohort, PD was associated with increased length of stay (3.1 vs 2.7 days, P < .001), total hospital charges ($49,061 vs $45,571, P < .001), and in-hospital complication rate (14.6% vs 11.7%, P < .001). There was no difference in-hospital mortality (0.50% vs 0.47%, P = .781).

Conclusions: Matched cohort analysis demonstrated increases in complication rate, length, and cost of hospitalization for THA in patients with PD. However, in-hospital mortality rate in PD patients was not increased. Of note, the elevation in per-episode cost ($3490) may be of concern when considering PD patients for surgery within the evolving "bundled payment" model of care.

Level of evidence: Prognostic- Level III.

Keywords: NIS; Parkinson’s disease; THA; arthroplasty; matched cohort; national database; total hip arthroplasty.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / adverse effects*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / economics
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / mortality
  • Cohort Studies
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Health Care Costs
  • Hospital Charges*
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Inpatients
  • Length of Stay*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoarthritis, Hip / complications*
  • Osteoarthritis, Hip / mortality
  • Osteoarthritis, Hip / surgery
  • Parkinson Disease / complications*
  • Parkinson Disease / mortality
  • Parkinson Disease / surgery
  • Patient Safety
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Propensity Score
  • Retrospective Studies
  • United States