Pre-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is associated with overall mortality in localized non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy

Radiother Oncol. 2019 May:134:151-157. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.01.032. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Abstract

Background: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been associated with mortality in several disease sites. We hypothesized that NLR is associated with inferior outcomes in localized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Methods: We evaluated the association of pre-treatment NLR, obtained within 6 months of starting SBRT, with overall survival, as well as primary tumor, regional, and distant recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression was then used to assess pre-treatment NLR as a predictor of mortality. We validated our findings in an independent cohort of patients treated at two other institutions. In a secondary analysis, we also evaluated the association of post-treatment NLR with mortality in the training cohort.

Results: A total of 156 patients and 166 tumors were included in the training cohort with a median follow-up of 13.4 months. After dichotomization by median, NLR > 3.6 was associated with mortality on univariate (p = 0.010) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.023). In the validation cohort, NLR > 3.6 was similarly associated with mortality on univariate (p = 0.031) and multivariate (p = 0.007) analysis. In a secondary analysis in the training cohort, we found post-treatment NLR was significantly increased compared to pre-treatment NLR (p < 0.001) and associated with mortality on univariate analysis (p = 0.005) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.010).

Conclusions: Pre-treatment NLR > 3.6 is associated with mortality in patients treated with SBRT. This finding was validated in an independent cohort of patients treated at two other institutions. Additionally, post-treatment NLR was significantly increased from pre-treatment and associated with overall survival.

Keywords: Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio; Non-small cell lung cancer; Stereotactic body radiation therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / immunology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / radiotherapy*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lung Neoplasms / immunology
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neutrophils / immunology*
  • Neutrophils / pathology
  • Ohio / epidemiology
  • Prognosis
  • Radiosurgery / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate