White matter hyperintensities in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Knowledge gaps and opportunities

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
• ² Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
• ³ Cerebrovascular Disease Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
• ⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
• ⁵ Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
• ⁶ Syneos Health, Wilmington, NC, USA.
• ⁷ Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
• ⁸ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ⁹ Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
• ¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
• ¹¹ Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹² Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹³ Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
• ¹⁴ Neuro-Bio Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK.
• ¹⁵ Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
• ¹⁶ Department of Psychology, University of Calgary & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.
• ¹⁷ Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
• ¹⁸ Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ¹⁹ Section for NeuroEpidemiology, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
• ²⁰ Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
• ²¹ Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ²² University of Kentucky, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA.
• ²³ Department of Internal Medicine - Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ²⁴ St George's University of London and Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
• ²⁵ Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
• ²⁶ Department of Medicine-Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
• ²⁷ Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
• ²⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• ²⁹ Department of Neurology, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Korea.
• ³⁰ Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
• ³¹ Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
• ³² Department of Internal Medicine - Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ³³ Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, 20298 Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
• ³⁴ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
• ³⁵ Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
• ³⁶ Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ³⁷ Montclair Memory Clinic, Montclair, NJ, USA.
• ³⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ³⁹ Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴⁰ Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago IL, USA.
• ⁴¹ Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
• ⁴² Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health & Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
• ⁴³ School of Kinesiology, Western Centre for Public Health & Family Medicine, London, ON, Canada.
• ⁴⁴ Division of Medical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA.
• ⁴⁵ Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
• ⁴⁶ Institute of Biochemistry Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
• ⁴⁷ Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴⁸ Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA.
• ⁴⁹ Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• ⁵⁰ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
• ⁵¹ Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
• ⁵² Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ⁵³ Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London and Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.