Different biological effects of PM2.5 from coal combustion, gasoline exhaust and urban ambient air relate to the PAH/metal compositions

Xiuqing Cui; Ting Zhou; Yan Shen; Yi Rong; Zhihong Zhang; Yuewei Liu; Lili Xiao; Yun Zhou; Wei Li; Weihong Chen

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2019.04.006

Different biological effects of PM_2.5 from coal combustion, gasoline exhaust and urban ambient air relate to the PAH/metal compositions

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Jul:69:120-128. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Authors

Xiuqing Cui¹, Ting Zhou², Yan Shen³, Yi Rong³, Zhihong Zhang³, Yuewei Liu⁴, Lili Xiao³, Yun Zhou³, Wei Li³, Weihong Chen⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Institute of Health Surveillance, Analysis and Protection, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China.
² School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
³ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
⁴ Institute of Health Surveillance, Analysis and Protection, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China.
⁵ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31026736
DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.04.006

Abstract

Few studies have compared the biological effects of PM_2.5 from coal combustion, gasoline exhaust and urban ambient air, and the roles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals playing in the process remain unclear. In this study, PM_2.5 samples from coal combustion, gasoline exhaust and urban ambient air were analyzed for 16 PAHs and 23 metals. Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of different PM_2.5 were evaluated on differentiated THP-1 and A549 cells, respectively. We found that the coal combustion PM_2.5 samples induced stronger cytotoxic and inflammatory effects (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation and principal component analysis showed that the PAHs containing four or more benzenoid rings and specific metals of cadmium, thallium, zinc and lead were positively related to the biological effects. Our results suggested that coal combustion PM_2.5 might be a more serious health hazard. Specific PAHs and metals might be account for the PM_2.5 induced biological effects.

Keywords: Coal combustion; Gasoline exhaust; Metals; PM(2.5); Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Urban ambient air.

Publication types

Comparative Study

MeSH terms

A549 Cells
Air Pollutants / analysis
Air Pollutants / toxicity*
Cell Survival / drug effects
Cities
Coal*
Gasoline*
Humans
Metals / analysis
Metals / toxicity*
Particulate Matter / analysis
Particulate Matter / toxicity*
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / analysis
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / toxicity*
THP-1 Cells
Vehicle Emissions / analysis
Vehicle Emissions / toxicity*

Substances

Air Pollutants
Coal
Gasoline
Metals
Particulate Matter
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Vehicle Emissions