Longitudinal atopic dermatitis control and persistence vary with timing of disease onset in children: A cohort study

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 Dec;81(6):1292-1299. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.05.016. Epub 2019 May 11.

Abstract

Background: Wide variation exists in the timing of atopic dermatitis (AD) disease onset among children. Distinct trajectories of early-onset, mid-onset, and late-onset AD have been previously described.

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal disease control and persistence with respect to age at onset of AD.

Methods: A cohort study was performed using the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry, a prospective observational cohort of subjects with childhood-onset AD. AD control and persistence were assessed biannually for up to 10 years.

Results: A total of 8015 subjects with 41,934 person-years of follow-up were included. In longitudinal analyses using generalized linear latent and mixed modeling, older age at onset of AD was associated with better disease control and less-persistent AD. For each additional year of age at onset of AD, the adjusted odds ratios for poorer AD control and for persistent AD were 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.91-0.94) and 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.88), respectively. Differences in AD control and persistence among subjects with early-, mid-, and late-onset AD were most pronounced from early adolescence onward.

Limitations: Misclassification bias may arise from using self-reported data on age at onset. Attrition and missing data in longitudinal studies may introduce bias.

Conclusion: Early-, mid-, and late-onset pediatric AD appear to be clinically distinct subtypes of the disease.

Keywords: atopic dermatitis; disease control; disease persistence; early onset; eczema; epidemiology; late onset; prognosis.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Age of Onset
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Chronic Disease
  • Cohort Studies
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / diagnosis*
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / epidemiology*
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / therapy
  • Disease Management*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Philadelphia
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Registries*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sex Factors
  • Time Factors