Durable response for ampullary and duodenal adenocarcinoma with a nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine ± cisplatin combination

Cancer Med. 2019 Jul;8(7):3464-3470. doi: 10.1002/cam4.2181. Epub 2019 May 17.

Abstract

Background/aim: There is no standard salvage chemotherapy for metastatic periampullary adenocarcinoma and duodenal adenocarcinoma and the prognosis of those who fail oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU is dismal. We examined nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) as salvage therapy for these two malignancies.

Methods: Patients who failed oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU and whose archival tumors stained immunohistochemical (IHC) tumor positive for CK7 or MUC1 received nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine therapy with or without cisplatin.

Results: Three patients, 2 with metastatic ampullary adenocarcinoma and 1 with duodenal adenocarcinoma with positive IHC staining for CK7 or MUC1 who failed 2 lines of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU received nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine with or without cisplatin. All achieved excellent tumor response on CT scans with marked falls in tumor markers CA19-9 and CEA as well as ≥1 year of progression-free survival. All 3 have continued to survive 2-3 years since diagnosed with stage 4 metastatic adenocarcinoma.

Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine with or without cisplatin should be investigated as a standard-of-care chemotherapy regimen for patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma and duodenal adenocarcinoma.

Keywords: CK7; MUC1; adenocarcinoma; ampullary; cisplatin; duodenal; gemcitabine; nab-paclitaxel.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Adenocarcinoma / etiology
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Albumins / administration & dosage
  • Ampulla of Vater / metabolism
  • Ampulla of Vater / pathology*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Biomarkers
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Duodenal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Duodenal Neoplasms / etiology
  • Duodenal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Female
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Paclitaxel / administration & dosage
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • 130-nm albumin-bound paclitaxel
  • Albumins
  • Biomarkers
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Paclitaxel
  • Gemcitabine