Defining a Willingness-to-transplant Threshold in an Era of Organ Scarcity: Simultaneous Liver-kidney Transplant as a Case Example

Transplantation. 2020 Feb;104(2):387-394. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002788.

Abstract

Background: Organ scarcity continues in solid organ transplantation, such that the availability of organs limits the number of people able to benefit from transplantation. Medical advancements in managing end-stage organ disease have led to an increasing demand for multiorgan transplant, wherein a patient with multiorgan disease receives >1 organ from the same donor. Current allocation schemes give priority to multiorgan recipients compared with single-organ transplant recipients, which raise ethical questions regarding equity and utility.

Methods: We use simultaneous liver and kidney (SLK) transplant, a type of multiorgan transplant, as a case study to examine the tension between equity and utility in multiorgan allocation. We adapt the health economics willingness-to-pay threshold to a solid organ transplant setting by coining a new metric: the willingness-to-transplant (WTT) threshold.

Results: We demonstrate how the WTT threshold can be used to evaluate different SLK allocation strategies by synthesizing utility and equity perspectives.

Conclusions: We submit that this new framework enables us to distill the question of SLK allocation down to: what is the minimum amount of benefit we require from a deceased donor kidney to allocate it for a particular indication? Addressing the above question will prove helpful to devising a rational system of SLK allocation and is applicable to other transplant settings.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Comorbidity
  • End Stage Liver Disease / epidemiology
  • End Stage Liver Disease / surgery*
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / surgery*
  • Kidney Transplantation / statistics & numerical data*
  • Liver Transplantation / statistics & numerical data*
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
  • Patient Selection
  • Risk Factors
  • Tissue Donors / supply & distribution*
  • Tissue and Organ Procurement / methods*
  • United States / epidemiology