Chia flour (Salvia hispanica L.) did not improve the deleterious aspects of hyperlipidic diet ingestion on glucose metabolism, but worsened glycaemia in mice

Food Res Int. 2019 Jul:121:641-647. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.033. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Abstract

Obesity is mainly caused by intake of a high-fat diet and sedentarism, and is considered a public health issue worldwide. Increased intestinal permeability may favour endotoxaemia generated by lipopolysaccharides, a substance present in the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and, consequently, an increase in systemic inflammation and metabolic diseases. In contrast (On the other hand), consumption of a healthy diet can help in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. In this way, chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.), rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, may present an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, chia is rich in antioxidants like caffeic and gallic acid and fiber. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between chia seeds, inflammatory mechanisms and intestinal permeability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the effects of chia administration on metabolism in obese mice. Swiss mice were fed a hyperlipidic diet either supplemented with or without 3% chia flour for 16 weeks. The results showed that supplementation could not reduce the deleterious effects of the lipid-rich diet in terms of body composition, glucose intolerance and activity of antioxidants enzymes in the liver. In addition, supplementation with chia in the control diet decreased the amount of occludin in the intestinal colon. In conclusion, although chia did not improve metabolic parameters it seemed to restore the intestinal barriers integrity. The beneficial effects of chia seem to be dependent of the quantity used, since our data conflict with those in the literature; however, it is important to note that other studies, unlike our protocol, used chia in the form of seeds or oil, and not flour.

Keywords: Chia; Glycaemia; Gut permeability; High fat diet; Mice; Obesity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / analysis
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Body Weight
  • Caffeic Acids / analysis
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Diet, High-Fat*
  • Dietary Fiber / analysis
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / analysis
  • Flour / analysis*
  • Gallic Acid / analysis
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Glycemic Index*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Obese
  • Salvia / chemistry*
  • Seeds / chemistry
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Caffeic Acids
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Dietary Fiber
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
  • Triglycerides
  • Gallic Acid
  • caffeic acid