Positive airway pressure in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

Arpita Parmar; Adele Baker; Indra Narang

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2019.04.006

Positive airway pressure in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

Paediatr Respir Rev. 2019 Aug:31:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Apr 27.

Authors

Arpita Parmar¹, Adele Baker², Indra Narang³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
² Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
³ Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31130426
DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.04.006

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by snoring, recurrent obstruction (apneas) of the upper airway which disrupts normal ventilation during sleep. In the last decade, there has been a increase in children diagnosed with persistent, severe OSA attributed to (1) the obesity epidemic as 25-60% of obese children will have obesity related OSA (2) advances in medical technology that have increased life expectancy of medically complex children (3) improved diagnostics and (4) increased awareness. Positive airway pressure (PAP) is commonly used to treat persistent, severe OSA. PAP devices deliver pressurized air via nasal or oronasal interfaces to distend the upper airway and ameliorate OSA. Although effective in treating OSA, PAP adherence is suboptimal. This review article provides an overview of (1) PAP use in pediatric OSA (2) PAP devices (3) PAP adherence, (4) strategies and interventions to improve adherence and (5) Optimizing PAP delivery during pediatric to adult transition.

Keywords: Children; Obstructive sleep apnea; Pediatrics; Positive airway pressure.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Child
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / instrumentation
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / methods*
Humans
Patient Compliance*
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / therapy*