The aim of this study was to review the characteristics of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) from Turkey and to assess the performance of the Kobayashi score (KS), Harada score (HS), Formosa score (FS), Egami score (ES) and other parameters in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery involvement (CAI) in the Turkish population. Patients who were diagnosed as being in the acute phase of KD at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine (Ankara, Turkey) between June 2007 and January 2016 reviewed retrospectively, and those between January 2016 and February 2018 reviewed prospectively, were included in this cohort study. A total of 100 patients with KD were included in this study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows 22.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Eighty-five patients (85%) responded to IVIG treatment, whereas 15 (5 female, 10 male) were IVIG resistant. CAI was detected in echocardiography at diagnosis in 31 (31%) (9 female; 22 male) patients. For predicting IVIG resistance, KS, ES, FS, and HS had sensitivity of 82.1%, 26.7%, 30.8%, 69.2% and specificity of 35.7%, 94%, 51.2%, 45.8%, respectively. For the association with CAI occurrence, the sensitivities were 17.2%, 3.3%, 35.7%, 70.4% and the specificities were 78.5%, 88.4%, 49.3%, 49.3% for the aforementioned scores, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed white blood cell (WBC) count [Odd's ratio (OR) 4.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-13.23; p = 0.019] and hematocrit (OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.15-12.4; p = 0.028), as independent predictors of CAI while gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level (OR 5.7; 95% CI 1.73-27.51; p = 0.018) was detected as the only independent predictor of IVIG resistance. This is the first study from Turkey in KD to evaluate the association of the scoring systems for IVIG resistance and CAI. The risk scoring systems in KD did not predict the risk for IVIG resistance and were not associated with CAI in Turkish population.
Keywords: Coronary artery aneurysm; Echocardiography; IVIG resistance; Kawasaki disease; Predictive score.