Extracellular vesicles in type 2 diabetes mellitus: key roles in pathogenesis, complications, and therapy

Yongwei Xiao; Lei Zheng; Xiaofeng Zou; Jigang Wang; Jianing Zhong; Tianyu Zhong

doi:10.1080/20013078.2019.1625677

Extracellular vesicles in type 2 diabetes mellitus: key roles in pathogenesis, complications, and therapy

J Extracell Vesicles. 2019 Jun 14;8(1):1625677. doi: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1625677. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Yongwei Xiao^{1

2}, Lei Zheng³, Xiaofeng Zou⁴, Jigang Wang^{2

5}, Jianing Zhong^{2

6}, Tianyu Zhong^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
² Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
³ Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
⁵ Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁶ Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a chronic disease, is widely prevalent all over the world. In recent years, the roles of some extracellular vesicles (EVs) in T2DM have attracted much attention. EVs are bilayer membrane vesicles secreted from most cells and can participate in regulating various physiological and pathological processes in vivo by being transported between cells. Recently, it was discovered that some abnormal EVs can contribute to the occurrence of T2DM by inducing insulin resistance and can also participate in the complications of T2DM. In addition, some stem/progenitor cells-derived EVs have a potential application in the therapy of T2DM. This review introduces basic concepts of EVs and summarizes the roles of EVs in the pathogenesis, complications, and therapy of T2DM.

Keywords: Extracellular vesicles; complications; pathogenesis; therapy; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81760160 and 81702580), by the Major National Science and Technology Program of China for Innovative Drug (2017ZX09101002-001-001-05), by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes (ZZ10-024 and ZXKT18003), and by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (2017ACB21066 and 20171BBG70051).