Poly (ADP) Ribose Glycohydrolase Can Be Effectively Targeted in Pancreatic Cancer

Cancer Res. 2019 Sep 1;79(17):4491-4502. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-3645. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

Patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have an average survival of less than 1 year, underscoring the importance of evaluating novel targets with matched targeted agents. We recently identified that poly (ADP) ribose glycohydrolase (PARG) is a strong candidate target due to its dependence on the pro-oncogenic mRNA stability factor HuR (ELAVL1). Here, we evaluated PARG as a target in PDAC models using both genetic silencing of PARG and established small-molecule PARG inhibitors (PARGi), PDDX-01/04. Homologous repair-deficient cells compared with homologous repair-proficient cells were more sensitive to PARGi in vitro. In vivo, silencing of PARG significantly decreased tumor growth. PARGi synergized with DNA-damaging agents (i.e., oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil), but not with PARPi therapy. Mechanistically, combined PARGi and oxaliplatin treatment led to persistence of detrimental PARylation, increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, and increased γH2AX foci. In summary, these data validate PARG as a relevant target in PDAC and establish current therapies that synergize with PARGi. SIGNIFICANCE: PARG is a potential target in pancreatic cancer as a single-agent anticancer therapy or in combination with current standard of care.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA Damage
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Gene Silencing
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / genetics
  • Humans
  • Mice, Nude
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Oxaliplatin / pharmacology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Recombinational DNA Repair
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Glycoside Hydrolases
  • poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase