Comparing fly-in fly-out and telehealth models for delivering advanced-practice physiotherapy services in regional Queensland: An audit of outcomes and costs

J Telemed Telecare. 2021 Jan;27(1):32-38. doi: 10.1177/1357633X19858036. Epub 2019 Jul 7.

Abstract

Introduction: Recruitment of advanced-practice physiotherapists to regional and rural healthcare facilities in Queensland, Australia remains a challenge. To overcome this barrier, two different service delivery models (Fly-In, Fly-Out (FIFO), Telehealth) were trialled by one regional facility. This study aims to describe the economic- and service-related outcomes of these two methods of service delivery.

Methods: A retrospective audit was conducted where two nine-week time periods were selected for each service delivery model. Outcomes of interests include patient demographics and case-mix, service utilisation, clinical actions, adverse events and costs. Net financial position for both models was calculated based upon costs incurred and revenue generated by service activity.

Results: A total of 33 appointment slots were recorded for each service delivery model. Patient case-mix was variable, where the Telehealth model predominately involved patients with musculoskeletal spinal conditions managed from a neurosurgical waiting list. Appointment slot utilisation and pattern of referral for further investigations were similar between models. No safety incidents occurred in either service delivery model. An estimated cost-savings of 13% for the Telehealth model could be achieved when compared to the FIFO model.

Discussion: Telehealth is a safe, efficient and viable option when compared to a traditional in-person outreach service, while providing cost-savings. Telehealth should be seen as a service delivery medium in which sustainable recruitment of advanced-practice physiotherapists to regional and rural healthcare facilities can be achieved.

Keywords: Telehealth; cost analysis; musculoskeletal; physiotherapy; service delivery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Ambulatory Care Facilities
  • Appointments and Schedules
  • Delivery of Health Care* / economics
  • Delivery of Health Care* / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medical Audit
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / economics
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / therapy*
  • Physical Therapy Modalities* / economics
  • Physical Therapy Specialty / economics
  • Physical Therapy Specialty / methods
  • Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine / economics
  • Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine / methods
  • Queensland
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Telemedicine* / economics
  • Telemedicine* / methods