Smartphone-Based Analysis of Urine Reagent Strips Is Inaccurate for Assessing Underhydration

Telemed J E Health. 2020 May;26(5):683-686. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2019.0101. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Abstract

Background:Proper hydration is vital for both exercise and general health. Although various methods for hydration assessment exist, many are not valid for either use or never tested.Introduction:The purpose of this study was to determine whether the uChek© smart phone application can be used to diagnose underhydration based on elevated urine specific gravity (USG) assessed by refractometry.Methods:One hundred forty-seven (n = 147) fresh human urine samples from young and middle-age adults were analyzed for USG with a refractometer and the uChek© application by reading the Siemens Multistix 10G urine reagent strip.Results:Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement of the two methods of assessment. Overall diagnostic ability of the uChek© to identify underhydration was fair (area under the curve 79%). However, the sensitivity to correctly identify underhydration was poor (60%) as well as the specificity of correctly identifying euhydration (53%).Conclusion:The uChek© application does not accurately detect underhydration.

Keywords: hydration; hypohydration; mobile health; telemedicine; urine biomarkers.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Dehydration* / diagnosis
  • Dehydration* / urine
  • Humans
  • Reagent Strips*
  • Refractometry
  • Smartphone*
  • Specific Gravity
  • Urinalysis / instrumentation
  • Urinalysis / methods

Substances

  • Reagent Strips