Determinants of Self-Care in Patients With Heart Failure: Observations From a Developing Country in the Middle East

J Transcult Nurs. 2020 May;31(3):294-303. doi: 10.1177/1043659619865587. Epub 2019 Jul 30.

Abstract

Introduction: Self-care is recognized as a means for improving outcomes of heart failure (HF), yet studies have not addressed what predicts successful self-care in collectivist cultures like Lebanon. Methodology: Self-care was measured, using the Arabic Self-Care of HF index, in 100 participants with HF (76% males; mean age 67.59) recruited from a tertiary medical center. Results: Self-care was suboptimal, with mean scores of 67.26, 66.96, and 69.5 for self-care maintenance, management, and confidence. Better HF knowledge, social support, and self-care confidence and lower New York Heart Association score predicted better self-care maintenance. Better knowledge, social support, and self-care maintenance, no recent hospitalization, and being unemployed predicted better self-care confidence. Better self-care confidence, maintenance, and HF knowledge predicted better self-care management. Discussion: HF self-care in Lebanon is suboptimal. Nurses need to identify facilitators of and barriers to self-care particular to this population. Interventions targeting HF knowledge, confidence, and caregiver support are expected to improve self-care in Lebanese patients.

Keywords: cardiovascular; clinical areas; heart failure; self-care; self-care confidence; social support; symptom management.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Developing Countries / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / complications*
  • Heart Failure / psychology
  • Humans
  • Lebanon
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychometrics / instrumentation
  • Psychometrics / methods
  • Qualitative Research
  • Self Care / methods
  • Self Care / standards*
  • Self Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Social Support