Cryoballoon ablation is a well-established therapeutic tool for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). We herein report a rare case of a 69-year-old man with PAF undergoing hemodialysis due to chronic kidney disease who developed hyperkalemia caused by possible cold agglutinin disease during cryoballoon ablation therapy. During the procedure, his electrocardiogram showed wide QRS when we finished cryoablation therapy. We detected hyperkalemia and performed urgent hemodialysis. We should bear in mind that cold agglutinin disease can occur during cryoballoon ablation.
Keywords: cold agglutinin disease; cryoablation; hyperkalemia.