A case of congenital vesical diverticulum in childhood is reported and 28 other cases in children from the Japanese literature are reviewed. A 9-year-old boy presented with hematuria and two-phase micturition. Excretory urogram and voiding cystourethrogram showed a diverticulum of the bladder on the left side and left vesico-ureteral reflex. Diverticulectomy and left ureteroneocystostomy (by Paquin's method) were performed. Post-surgical recovery was very good. All 28 cases we reviewed were in males whose average age was 6 years and 2 months. Their chief complaints consisted of dysuria, urinary infection and hematuria. The two-phase micturition appeared to be rather rare.