Simple sonochemical synthesis of lanthanum tungstate (La2(WO4)3) nanoparticles as an enhanced electrocatalyst for the selective electrochemical determination of anti-scald-inhibitor diphenylamine

Periyasamy Sundaresan; Periyasami Gnanaprakasam; Shen-Ming Chen; Ramalinga Viswanathan Mangalaraja; Wu Lei; Qingli Hao

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104647

Simple sonochemical synthesis of lanthanum tungstate (La₂(WO₄)₃) nanoparticles as an enhanced electrocatalyst for the selective electrochemical determination of anti-scald-inhibitor diphenylamine

Ultrason Sonochem. 2019 Nov:58:104647. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104647. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Authors

Periyasamy Sundaresan¹, Periyasami Gnanaprakasam², Shen-Ming Chen³, Ramalinga Viswanathan Mangalaraja⁴, Wu Lei⁵, Qingli Hao⁶

Affiliations

¹ Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
² Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
³ Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Technological Development Unit (UDT), University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
⁵ School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, PR China.
⁶ School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, PR China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31450323
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104647

Abstract

In this work, lanthanum tungstate (La₂(WO₄)₃) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by facile sonochemical method (elmasonic P, under-sonication 37/100 kHz, ~60 W energy) and utilized as an electrode material for the selective and sensitive electrochemical determination of anti-scald inhibitor diphenylamine (DPA). The synthesized La₂(WO₄)₃ NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The results revealed that the sonochemically synthesized La₂(WO₄)₃ nanoparticles were with high crystallinity and uniformly distributed nanoparticles like structure. The as-prepared lanthanum tungstate NPs exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic behavior for DPA determination with the lowest detection limit of 0.0024 µM, wide linear range response of 0.01-58.06 µM and a remarkable sensitivity of 1.021 µA µM^-1 cm^-2. Furthermore, La₂(WO₄)₃ NPs showed a good recovery to DPA in apple juice sample. Besides, the electrochemical mechanism of the DPA oxidation reaction was provided in detail.

Keywords: (La(2)(WO(4))(3)); Anti-scald-inhibitor; Diphenylamine; Electrocatalyst; Nanoparticles; Sonochemical.