Translocation (11;14) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, time to reclassify this standard risk chromosomal aberration?

Eur J Haematol. 2019 Dec;103(6):588-596. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13325. Epub 2019 Oct 6.

Abstract

Objectives: The most common translocation in multiple myeloma (MM) is t(11;14)(q13;q32), and its importance as prognostic factor has been controversial. The aim was to analyze its prognostic value.

Method: In this retrospective study of 469 newly diagnosed myeloma patients, outcomes in patients with (11;14) and standard risk (t(11;14)SR) or high risk (t(11;14)HR) cytogenetics were compared to outcomes of patients without t(11;14) and SR (non-t(11;14)SR) or HR (non-t(11;14)HR), respectively.

Results: Overall progression-free survival (PFS) was shorter in t(11;14)SR than non-t(11;14)SR (median 28.9 vs 35.3 months); however, the difference was not significant (P = .2). Overall survival (OS) did not differ significantly between the groups. In the subgroup of patients that did not receive high-dose treatment, PFS was shorter for t(11;14)SR compared to non-t(11;14)SR, 10.6 vs 24.6 months (P = .01). Although OS were shorter for t(11,14)SR compared to non-t(11;14)SR (5-year OS 41.7% vs 63.8%), the difference was not significant (P = .1). In HDT patients, no significant difference was observed for OS or PFS between those with or without t(11;14).

Conclusion: This study shows that t(11;14) is associated with poorer outcome in MM, particularly in non-high-dose-treated SR patients. It should be considered an intermediate or high-risk marker in these patients.

Keywords: Disease-Free Survival; genetic; high-dose treatment; multiple myeloma; prognosis; t(1114)(q13q32); translocation.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 / genetics*
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 / genetics*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / genetics*
  • Multiple Myeloma / mortality*
  • Multiple Myeloma / pathology
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Translocation, Genetic*