Paravertebral Nerve Block With Liposomal Bupivacaine for Pain Control Following Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery and Thoracotomy

J Surg Res. 2020 Feb:246:19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.093. Epub 2019 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: Some surgeons have adopted the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or robotic surgery to perform resections for lung cancer. VATS is associated with less pain and a decrease in pulmonary complications compared with open thoracotomies. Long-acting liposomal bupivacaine (LB) intercostal nerve blocks are reported to provide superior pain relief compared with epidural catheters in the first 3 d after a thoracotomy. This study examined whether LB improves pain after VATS and if it provides effective analgesia after a thoracotomy.

Materials and methods: A retrospective review was performed on 151 consecutive patients undergoing a VATS or thoracotomy who received paravertebral nerve blocks. VATS patients received paravertebral nerve blocks with LB (VATS-LB) or 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine (BE; VATS-BE). Thoracotomy patients received paravertebral nerve blocks via LB injections. Pain scores, narcotic utilization, complications, and hospital length of stay were examined.

Results: Fifty patients underwent a VATS-LB, 53 underwent a VATS-BE, and 32 underwent a thoracotomy. Thoracotomy and VATS-LB patients had pain scores lower than VATS-BE patients in the first 48 h after surgery (P < 0.004). Opioid use was not significantly different between the thoracotomy and VATS-LB patients throughout the first 2 wk postoperatively.

Conclusions: LB paravertebral blocks significantly improve postoperative pain in comparison with 0.25% BE blocks in VATS patients. LB paravertebral blocks also provide effective analgesia in patients undergoing thoracotomies.

Keywords: Liposomal bupivacaine; Paravertebral block; VATs.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
  • Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
  • Epinephrine / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / surgery
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Block / methods*
  • Pain Management / methods*
  • Pain Measurement
  • Pain, Postoperative / diagnosis
  • Pain, Postoperative / etiology
  • Pain, Postoperative / therapy*
  • Postoperative Care / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Spinal Nerves / drug effects
  • Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted / adverse effects*
  • Thoracic Vertebrae / innervation
  • Thoracotomy / adverse effects*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents
  • Bupivacaine
  • Epinephrine