Need for pacemaker implantation in patients with normal QRS duration immediately after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Europace. 2019 Dec 1;21(12):1851-1856. doi: 10.1093/europace/euz261.

Abstract

Aims: We sought to assess the need for permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) in patients with QRS <120 ms in electrocardiogram (ECG) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods and results: We retrospectively analysed 1139 consecutive patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI between 2008 and 2016, receiving different valve types. All patients were surveyed by continuous ECG monitoring for 48 h, 12-lead ECGs starting immediately after procedure, as well as 24-h Holter recording the day before discharge. Indication for PPI was at the discretion of the attending physician. Among 760 patients with QRS <120 ms prior to the TAVI procedure, 400 patients showed QRS <120 ms immediately after procedure, whereas 360 patients had QRS ≥120 ms. In the group with QRS <120 ms, PPI was performed in 34 patients [8.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.6-11.2%] during the first week. Eight of the PPIs in the group with QRS <120 ms (2%; CI 0.8-3.5%) fulfilled Class I indications for PPI after TAVI, whereas 26 PPIs had different indications [left bundle branch block, sick sinus, low-grade atrioventricular (AV) block]. Complete AV block developed in three patients of the group of QRS <120 ms (0.75%; CI 0.0-1.7%), which in all cases occurred after the 48 h-surveillance period. During 1-year follow-up, 11 PPIs were performed (2.8%; CI 1.2-4.5%), thereof three PPI for Class I indications including one complete AV block.

Conclusion: In patients with QRS duration <120 ms immediately after TAVI, the risk for complete AV block was low during the first week after TAVI and 1-year follow-up.

Keywords: Pacemaker implantation; QRS duration; Transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Atrioventricular Block / epidemiology*
  • Atrioventricular Block / therapy
  • Bundle-Branch Block / epidemiology*
  • Bundle-Branch Block / therapy
  • Cardiac Pacing, Artificial*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory
  • Female
  • Heart Conduction System / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pacemaker, Artificial
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / therapy
  • Preoperative Period
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sick Sinus Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Sick Sinus Syndrome / therapy
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement*