Early hypoalbuminemia is associated with 28-day mortality in severely burned patients: A retrospective cohort study

Burns. 2020 May;46(3):630-638. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.09.013. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Abstract

Background: Hypoalbuminemia is a frequent condition in the first 24 h after a severe burn injury and is associated with worse outcomes.

Methodology: We investigated the relation between very early hypoalbuminemia (<6 h after admission) and clinical outcome in a retrospective cohort admitted to our unit for severe burn injuries between 2012 and 2017.

Results: 73 severely burned patients were included, with a delay of admission of 3 (2-4) h. In a context of early exogenous supply of albumin, admission and 4H Albuminemia (Alb4 h) were significantly lower in deceased patients (respectively, 34 (29-37) vs 27 (23-30) g/l; p = 0.009 and 27 (24-32) vs 21 (17-27) g/l; p = 0.022) whereas albuminemia ≥6 h were not. The best threshold value of Alb4 h to discriminate 28-day mortality was 23 g/l. Patients with an Alb4 h < 23 g/l had a higher 28-day mortality than patients with an Alb4 h ≥ 23 g/l (42% vs 11%; p = 0.003); adjusted OR = 4.47 (95% CI 1.15-17.36); p = 0.03.

Conclusion: In severely burned patients receiving early albumin supply, early hypoalbuminemia is associated with higher mortality whereas later albuminemia (≥6 h) is not. Exploration of whether early albumin infusion (8-12 h post injury) may alter clinical outcome is warranted.

Keywords: Albuminemia; Burn injury; Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; Outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / epidemiology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Albumins / therapeutic use
  • Burn Units
  • Burns / metabolism*
  • Burns / therapy
  • Capillary Permeability*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Crystalloid Solutions / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fluid Therapy / methods
  • Humans
  • Hypoalbuminemia / epidemiology*
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality*
  • Prognosis
  • Renal Replacement Therapy / statistics & numerical data
  • Respiration, Artificial
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sepsis / epidemiology
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism*
  • Time Factors
  • Trauma Severity Indices

Substances

  • Albumins
  • Crystalloid Solutions
  • Serum Albumin