Primary Sjögren's syndrome and the eye

Oddbjørn Bjordal; Katrine Brække Norheim; Eyvind Rødahl; Roland Jonsson; Roald Omdal

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.10.004

Primary Sjögren's syndrome and the eye

Surv Ophthalmol. 2020 Mar-Apr;65(2):119-132. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Oct 18.

Authors

Oddbjørn Bjordal¹, Katrine Brække Norheim², Eyvind Rødahl³, Roland Jonsson⁴, Roald Omdal⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Østfold Hospital, Grålum, Norway.
² Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
⁴ Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
⁵ Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31634487
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.10.004

Abstract

Primary Sjögren syndrome is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects exocrine glands such as the salivary and lacrimal glands. In addition, systemic involvement is common. Primary Sjögren syndrome is of particular interest to ophthalmologists as it constitutes an important differential diagnosis in conditions with dry eye disease. In addition, ocular tests for more precisely diagnosing and monitoring primary Sjögren syndrome have become increasingly important, and new therapeutics for local and systemic treatment evolve as a result of increased understanding of immunological mechanisms and molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren syndrome. We provide an update of interest to ophthalmologists regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, investigative procedures, and treatment options.

Keywords: dry eye disease; inflammation; lacrimal gland; primary Sjögren syndrome; treatment.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Autoimmune Diseases / diagnosis*
Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
Autoimmunity*
Biopsy
Dry Eye Syndromes / diagnosis*
Dry Eye Syndromes / etiology
Dry Eye Syndromes / immunology
Humans
Lacrimal Apparatus / pathology*
Sjogren's Syndrome / complications
Sjogren's Syndrome / diagnosis*
Sjogren's Syndrome / immunology