This article reports on sleepiness, drowsiness, tiredness, and fatigue. An assessment of sleepiness can be done with electroencephalograms, electrooculograms, and electromyograms in validated tests, such as the multiple sleep latency test and the maintenance of wakefulness test. These 2 tests serve as references for quantitative assessment of daytime sleepiness and drowsiness. Correlates for sleepiness, such as reaction time tests, can be used but are less reliable. Questionnaires are self-administered and popular measures for perceived sleepiness. Driver drowsiness assessment is an important part of sleep laboratory testing, because European Union regulations require assessments due to risk of accidents in patients with sleep disorders.
Keywords: Drowsiness detection; Sensors; Signal analysis; Sleepiness detection.
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