Two conserved glycine residues in mammalian and Dictyostelium Rictor are required for mTORC2 activity and integrity

J Cell Sci. 2019 Nov 14;132(22):jcs236505. doi: 10.1242/jcs.236505.

Abstract

Mammalian, or mechanistic, target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) regulates a variety of vital cellular processes, and its aberrant functioning is often associated with various diseases. Rictor is a peculiar and distinguishing mTORC2 component playing a pivotal role in controlling its assembly and activity. Among extant organisms, Rictor is conserved from unicellular eukaryotes to metazoans. We replaced two distinct, but conserved, glycine residues in both the Dictyostelium piaA gene and its human ortholog, RICTOR The two conserved residues are spaced ∼50 amino acids apart, and both are embedded within a conserved region falling in between the Ras-GEFN2 and Rictor-_V domains. The effects of point mutations on the mTORC2 activity and integrity were assessed by biochemical and functional assays. In both cases, these equivalent point mutations in the mammalian RICTOR and DictyosteliumpiaA gene impaired mTORC2 activity and integrity. Our data indicate that the two glycine residues are essential for the maintenance of mTORC2 activity and integrity in organisms that appear to be distantly related, suggesting that they have a evolutionarily conserved role in the assembly and proper mTORC2 functioning.

Keywords: AKT; Dictyostelium; Mammalian target of rapamycin; PKB; Protein–protein interaction; Rictor; mTOR.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Dictyostelium / genetics
  • Dictyostelium / metabolism*
  • Glycine / genetics
  • Glycine / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Mammals
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 / genetics
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 / metabolism*
  • Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of mTOR Protein / genetics
  • Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of mTOR Protein / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of mTOR Protein
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2
  • Glycine