Policy addressing suicidality in children and young people: an international scoping review

BMJ Open. 2019 Oct 28;9(10):e030699. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030699.

Abstract

Objective: To map key policy documents worldwide and establish how they address the treatment and care needs of children and young people (CYP) who are suicidal.

Design: We conducted a scoping review to systematically identify relevant key policy documents following a pre-established published protocol.

Data sources: Four databases (CINAHL; Medline; PsycINFO; The Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews) and the websites of key government, statutory and non-statutory agencies were searched. Google and Google Scholar were used to identify other policy documents and relevant grey literature. Leading experts were consulted by email.

Eligibility criteria for selected studies: Policies, policy guidance, strategies, codes of conduct, national service frameworks, national practice guidance, white and green papers, and reviews of policy-concerned with indicated suicide prevention approaches for children up to 18 years old. Limited by English language and published after 2000.

Data extraction and synthesis: Data were extracted using a predetermined template. Second reviewers independently extracted 25%. Documents were categorised as international guidance, national policy and national guidance, and presented in a table providing a brief description of the policy, alongside how it specifically addresses suicidal CYP. Findings were further expressed using narrative synthesis.

Results: 35 policy documents were included in the review. Although many recognise CYP as being a high-risk or priority population, most do not explicitly address suicidal CYP. In general, national guidance documents were found to convey that suicidal children should be assessed by a child and adolescent mental health practitioner but offer no clear recommendations beyond this.

Conclusion: The lack of specific reference within policy documents to the treatment and care of needs of children who are suicidal highlights a potential gap in policy that could lead to the needs of suicidal children being overlooked, and varying interpretations of appropriate responses and service provision.

Keywords: Suicide; children; international; policy; scoping-review; young people.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Australia
  • Canada
  • Child
  • Health Policy
  • Humans
  • Ireland
  • New Zealand
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic*
  • Public Policy
  • Suicidal Ideation*
  • Suicide Prevention*
  • United Kingdom
  • United Nations
  • World Health Organization
  • Young Adult