UHPLC-HRMS based flavonoid profiling of the aerial parts of Chenopodium foliosum Asch. (Amaranthaceae)

Chenopodium foliosum Asch. has been recognised by Bulgarian legislation as a medicinal plant. The decoction of its aerial parts has been used for treatment of cancer, as an immunostimulant and antioxidant drug. An UHPLC-HRMS profiling method was used for a comprehensive study of flavonoid composition of C. foliosum. Fourty flavonoid glycosides with nine aglycones (patuletin, gomphrenol, spinacetin, 6-methoxykaempferol, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, 3,5,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone and 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone) were detected. Kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin glycosides were identified as minor components. A pseudo MS³ experiment aided at discriminating 6-methoxykaempferol and isorhamnetin glycosides. Flavonoid composition dominated by di-, triglycosides and acylated flavonoids. Acid hydrolysis and GS-MS analysis confirmed the presence of D-glucose, D-apiose and L-rhamnose. Ten flavonoids were reported here for the first time.