Inflammatory factors have specific value in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our previous studies have identified the prognostic value of interleukin (IL)-34 during chronic heart failure. However, the potential impact of IL-34 on AMI remains unknown.Serum IL-34 was measured in 287 AMI patients, and they were followed up for the composite endpoint, including cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and nonfatal stroke.IL-34 levels were significantly associated with the presence of heart failure at baseline and its aggravation after a year. During the five-year follow-up, there was a significant increase in the risk of the composite endpoint (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.12-1.70], P < 0.01) and cardiovascular death (HR 1.48 [95%CI 1.03-2.27], P = 0.03) after full adjustment as IL-34 levels increased.Higher IL-34 levels in the acute phase were associated with an increased risk of heart failure after MI and poor prognosis.
Keywords: Biomarker; Cardiovascular disease; Heart failure.