Abstract
In 2015, highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses reemerged in poultry in West Africa. We describe the introduction of a reassortant clade 2.3.2.1c virus into Togo in April 2018. Our findings signal further local spread and evolution of these viruses, which could affect animal and human health.
Keywords:
Africa; Côte d’Ivoire; H5N1; Togo; genetic evolution; highly pathogenic avian influenza; influenza virus; molecular clock; phylogeny; poultry; reassortment; respiratory infections; viruses; zoonoses.
Publication types
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Historical Article
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Biological Evolution*
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
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History, 21st Century
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / classification*
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Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / genetics*
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Influenza in Birds / epidemiology*
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Influenza in Birds / history
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Influenza in Birds / virology*
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Neuraminidase / genetics
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Poultry / virology*
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Public Health Surveillance
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Togo / epidemiology
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Viral Proteins / genetics
Substances
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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Viral Proteins
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NA protein, influenza A virus
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Neuraminidase