Jeopardized Myocardium and Survival in Patients Presenting to the Catheterization Laboratory With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Shock

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2020 Jul;21(7):843-848. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2019.11.002. Epub 2019 Nov 9.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to relate the amount of jeopardized myocardium to mortality in shocked patients presenting to the catheterization laboratory with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and cardiogenic shock.

Background: In contrast with historical data and previous professional guidance, contemporary randomized data suggest that multi-vessel revascularization in such patients does not improve survival; mechanistic insight is incomplete.

Methods: Clinical databases identified cases of STEMI and shock triaged for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in Eastern Denmark from June 2011 to December 2014 (n = 128). British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS)-1 jeopardy scores were calculated from angiography. The study endpoint was 30-day mortality.

Results: Median lactate values were 6.0 [2.9-10.7] mmol/L. 30-day mortality was 53.9%. 68% of patients had multi-vessel coronary disease. Median pre-PCI BCIS-1 myocardial jeopardy scores were 8 [6-10]. After multiple logistic regression increasing age (p = 0.008; odds ratio [OR] 1.06), lactate values (p = 0.017; OR 1.02), mechanical ventilation (p = 0.011; OR 1.25) and a systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg at end-case (p = 0.005; OR 1.26) were predictive of 30-day mortality. Post-PPCI culprit vessel TIMI 3 flow was associated with reduced mortality (p < 0.001; OR 0.66). There was no association between pre-PCI jeopardy scores and the primary endpoint.

Conclusions: In patients with STEMI and shock, myocardial jeopardy scores do not relate to patient outcomes. Jeopardy scores may be applied to existing datasets in order to understand why multi-vessel revascularization does not lead to the anticipated clinical benefits in cardiogenic shock.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction/STEMI; Cardiogenic; Primary PCI; Shock.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Catheterization
  • Coronary Angiography*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Denmark
  • Female
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnostic imaging*
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / diagnostic imaging*
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / mortality
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / physiopathology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy
  • Time Factors
  • Triage