Neutralization of Oxidized Phospholipids Ameliorates Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Cell Metab. 2020 Jan 7;31(1):189-206.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.10.014. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Abstract

Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs), which arise due to oxidative stress, are proinflammatory and proatherogenic, but their roles in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are unknown. Here, we show that OxPLs accumulate in human and mouse NASH. Using a transgenic mouse that expresses a functional single-chain variable fragment of E06, a natural antibody that neutralizes OxPLs, we demonstrate the causal role of OxPLs in NASH. Targeting OxPLs in hyperlipidemic Ldlr-/- mice improved multiple aspects of NASH, including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocyte death, and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanistically, we found that OxPLs promote ROS accumulation to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. Neutralizing OxPLs in AMLN-diet-fed Ldlr-/- mice reduced oxidative stress, improved hepatic and adipose-tissue mitochondrial function, and fatty-acid oxidation. These results suggest targeting OxPLs may be an effective therapeutic strategy for NASH.

Keywords: MnSOD; atherosclerosis; fibrosis; inflammation; mitochondria; natural antibody; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; oxidative stress; oxidized phospholipids; steatosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism*
  • Diet, High-Fat
  • Fatty Liver / complications
  • Fatty Liver / drug therapy
  • Gene Ontology
  • Hepatocytes / cytology
  • Hepatocytes / drug effects
  • Hepatocytes / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / complications
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications
  • Liver Cirrhosis / drug therapy
  • Liver Cirrhosis / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Mitochondria / ultrastructure
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / complications
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / drug therapy*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / metabolism
  • Obesity / drug therapy
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxidative Stress*
  • Phospholipids / blood
  • Phospholipids / immunology
  • Phospholipids / metabolism*
  • RNA-Seq
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Phospholipids
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Single-Chain Antibodies