Patient-reported outcomes after surgery for endometrial carcinoma: Prevalence of lower-extremity lymphedema after sentinel lymph node mapping versus lymphadenectomy

Gynecol Oncol. 2020 Jan;156(1):147-153. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.003. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the prevalence of patient-reported lower-extremity lymphedema (LEL) with sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping versus comprehensive lymph node dissection (LND) for the surgical management of newly diagnosed endometrial carcinoma.

Methods: Patients who underwent primary surgery for endometrial cancer from 01/2006-12/2012 were mailed a survey that included a validated 13-item LEL screening questionnaire in 08/2016. Patients diagnosed with LEL prior to surgery and those who answered ≤6 survey items were excluded.

Results: Of 1275 potential participants, 623 (49%) responded to the survey and 599 were evaluable (180 SLN, 352 LND, 67 hysterectomy alone). Median BMI was similar among cohorts (P = 0.99). External-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was used in 10/180 (5.5%) SLN and 35/352 (10%) LND patients (P = 0.1). Self-reported LEL prevalence was 27% (49/180) and 41% (144/352), respectively (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.25-2.74; P = 0.002). LEL prevalence was 51% (23/45) in patients who received EBRT and 35% (170/487) in those who did not (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.06-3.6; P = 0.03). High BMI was associated with increased prevalence of LEL (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06; P = 0.001). After controlling for EBRT and BMI, LND retained independent association with an increased prevalence of LEL over SLN (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.22-2.69; P = 0.003). Patients with self-reported LEL had significantly worse QOL compared to those without self-reported LEL.

Conclusions: This is the first study to assess patient-reported LEL after SLN mapping for endometrial cancer. SLN mapping was independently associated with a significantly lower prevalence of patient-reported LEL. High BMI and adjuvant EBRT were associated with an increased prevalence of patient-reported LEL.

Keywords: Endometrial cancer; Lymphadenectomy; Lymphedema; Patient-reported outcomes; Sentinel lymph node; Sentinel lymph node mapping.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leg / pathology
  • Lymph Node Excision / adverse effects
  • Lymph Node Excision / statistics & numerical data*
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymph Nodes / surgery
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Lymphedema / epidemiology*
  • Lymphedema / etiology
  • Lymphedema / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Reported Outcome Measures
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Prevalence
  • Sentinel Lymph Node / pathology
  • Sentinel Lymph Node / surgery
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / adverse effects
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / statistics & numerical data*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires