Healthy Heart Africa: a prospective evaluation of programme outcomes on individuals' hypertension awareness, screening, diagnosis and treatment in rural Kenya at 12 months

Cardiovasc J Afr. 2020;31(1):9-15. doi: 10.5830/CVJA-2019-037. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of Healthy Heart Africa (HHA), a comprehensive hypertension intervention programme, on hypertension awareness, knowledge, screening and diagnosis among rural communities in Kenya.

Methods: Individuals from rural households near intervention and matched control healthcare facilities were randomly surveyed at baseline and the end point (after 12 months). A difference-in-differences analysis estimated the impact of HHA.

Results: This analysis included 838 individuals (intervention, n = 432; control, n = 406) at baseline and 698 (n = 364 and n = 334, respectively) at the end point. At baseline, both groups had high hypertension awareness (> 80%) but poor knowledge. After 12 months, healthcare providers were the primary information source for the intervention group only (p < 0.05). At the end point, respondents' knowledge of hypertension risk factors, consequences and management trended higher among the intervention versus the control group. Hypertension screening/diagnosis and patient recall of provider recommendations remained unchanged in both groups.

Conclusions: HHA improved hypertension knowledge but screening and diagnosis remained unchanged after 12 months.

Keywords: Healthy Heart Africa (HHA); Kenya; awareness; hypertension; rural.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Black People / psychology*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Health Communication
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / ethnology*
  • Health Promotion*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / ethnology
  • Hypertension / physiopathology
  • Hypertension / therapy*
  • Kenya / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Education as Topic*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Program Evaluation
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior*
  • Rural Health*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents