Development of Normal Tissue Complication Probability Model for Trismus in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Treated With Radiotherapy: The Role of Dosimetric and Clinical Factors

Anticancer Res. 2019 Dec;39(12):6787-6798. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13894.

Abstract

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to develop a normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model for trismus in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with radiotherapy (RT).

Patients and methods: Prospective measurements of maximum inter-incisal opening (MIO) were performed at baseline and 6 months after definitive RT in 132 HNC patients. The primary endpoint of this study was defined when a patient fulfilled both of the following criteria: 1) MIO at 6 months after RT ≤35 mm and 2) MIO at 6 months after RT ≤80% of baseline MIO. Eleven clinical factors and a wide range of dosimetric factors (mean dose, maximum dose, V5, V10, V20, and V40) in twelve organs at risk (OARs) were chosen as candidate prognostic variables.

Results: Thirty out of 132 patients (23%) developed the primary endpoint. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the mean dose to the contralateral mandible joint (p=0.001) and baseline MIO (p=0.027) were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion: A multivariable NTCP model for trismus in HNC patients treated with RT was established including the mean dose to contralateral mandible joint and baseline MIO.

Keywords: Head and neck cancer; normal tissue complication probability model; prediction; radiotherapy; trismus.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chemoradiotherapy
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organs at Risk / radiation effects*
  • Probability
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Radiotherapy, Conformal / adverse effects
  • Radiotherapy, Conformal / methods
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Temporomandibular Joint / radiation effects
  • Time Factors
  • Trismus / diagnosis
  • Trismus / etiology*