ARL3, a small GTPase with a functionally conserved role in primary cilia and immune synapses

Small GTPases. 2021 May;12(3):167-176. doi: 10.1080/21541248.2019.1703466. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Abstract

The primary cilium and the immunological synapse are both specialized functional plasma membrane domains that share several similarities. Signalling output of membrane domains is regulated, spatially and temporally, by segregating and focusing lipids and proteins. ARL3, a small GTPase, plays a major role in concentrating lipid-modified proteins in both the immunological synapse and the primary cilia. Here in this review we will introduce the role of ARL3 in health and disease and its role in polarizing signalling at the primary cilia and immunological synapses.

Keywords: ARL3; Primary cilia; cargo; immune synapse; signalling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors / genetics
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Cell Membrane / enzymology
  • Cell Membrane / physiology*
  • Cilia / enzymology
  • Cilia / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Immunological Synapses / enzymology
  • Immunological Synapses / physiology*

Substances

  • Arl3 protein, mouse
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factors
  • ARL3 protein, human