Outcomes in intermediate-risk squamous cell carcinomas treated with Mohs micrographic surgery compared with wide local excision

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 May;82(5):1195-1204. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.12.049. Epub 2019 Dec 27.

Abstract

Background: Brigham and Women's Hospital stage T2a squamous cell carcinomas, demonstrating a single high-risk feature, have a low risk of metastasis and death but an increased risk of local recurrence. Little evidence exists for the best treatment modality and associated outcomes in T2a squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: We aimed to compare outcomes for T2a squamous cell carcinoma treated by Mohs micrographic surgery compared with wide local excision with permanent sections.

Methods: Retrospective review of an institutional review board-approved single-institution registry of T2a squamous cell carcinoma.

Results: Three hundred sixty-six primary T2a tumors were identified, including 240 squamous cell carcinomas (65.6%) treated with Mohs micrographic surgery and 126 (34.4%) treated with wide local excision. A total of 32.5% of patients were immunosuppressed and mean oncologic follow-up was 2.8 years. Local recurrence was significantly more likely after wide local excision (4.0%) than after Mohs micrographic surgery (1.2%) (P = .03). Multiple logistic regression demonstrated immunocompromised state (odds ratio [OR] 5.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-23.3; P = .03) and wide local excision (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.1-21.6; P = .04) associated with local recurrence; and wide local excision (OR 7.8; 95% CI 2.4-25.4; P < .001), high-risk head and neck location (OR 8.3; 95% CI 1.8-38.7; P = .004), and poor histologic differentiation (OR 4.7; 95% CI 1.4-15.4; P = .03) associated with poor outcomes (overall recurrence or disease-specific death).

Conclusion: Mohs micrographic surgery provides improved outcomes in Brigham and Women's Hospital T2a squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords: Mohs surgery; cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; dermatologic surgery; outcomes; wide local excision.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Margins of Excision
  • Middle Aged
  • Mohs Surgery*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Skin / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Treatment Outcome