Ascending aortic dissection in a pregnant patient with neonatally repaired coarctation of aorta and bicuspid aortic valve

BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Dec 29;12(12):e233367. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2019-233367.

Abstract

Aortic dissection is characterised by a tear in the intimal and medial layers of the endovascular aortic wall which propagates distally. Here, we discuss the case of a 35-year-old woman who was 37 weeks pregnant and presented with dizziness and blurred vision. She had a history of a neonatal end-to-end repair of a coarctation of aorta, a known bicuspid aortic valve and a dilated ascending aorta under surveillance. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed an ascending aortic dissection. An emergency CT aortogram was performed which confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent emergency caesarean section and aortic surgery, with a good outcome for mother and baby. The case highlights the atypical nature of presentation and the absence of haemodynamic instability. Atypical and unexplained symptoms on a background of congenital heart disease should trigger a referral to cardiology with thorough investigation, often with echocardiography, to exclude rare and life-threatening complications.

Keywords: cardiovascular medicine; obstetrics and gynaecology; vascular surgery.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aorta / abnormalities
  • Aorta / diagnostic imaging
  • Aorta / pathology
  • Aorta / surgery*
  • Aortic Coarctation / surgery*
  • Aortic Dissection / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Dissection / surgery*
  • Aortic Valve / abnormalities*
  • Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
  • Cesarean Section / methods
  • Computed Tomography Angiography / methods
  • Dizziness / diagnosis
  • Dizziness / etiology
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal / methods
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnosis
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / surgery*
  • Heart Valve Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vision Disorders / diagnosis
  • Vision Disorders / etiology