Responses of ammonia volatilization from rice paddy soil to application of wood vinegar alone or combined with biochar

Haijun Sun; Yanfang Feng; Lihong Xue; Sanchita Mandal; Hailong Wang; Weiming Shi; Linzhang Yang

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125247

Responses of ammonia volatilization from rice paddy soil to application of wood vinegar alone or combined with biochar

Chemosphere. 2020 Mar:242:125247. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125247. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Authors

Haijun Sun¹, Yanfang Feng², Lihong Xue³, Sanchita Mandal⁴, Hailong Wang⁵, Weiming Shi⁶, Linzhang Yang⁷

Affiliations

¹ Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Future Industries Institute, Building X, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁵ Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination and Bioremediation, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31896173
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125247

Abstract

Wood vinegar (WV) was applied alone or combined with biochar (BC) to observe their efficiency on suppressing the ammonia (NH₃) volatilization from rice paddy soil. Five treatments, i.e., control (240 kg N ha^-1 applied in urea), WV-5 and WV-10 (240 kg N ha^-1 plus 5 and 10 t WV ha^-1, respectively), and their counterparts WV-5-BC and WV-10-BC (WV-5 and WV-10 plus 7 t BC ha^-1), were evaluated by a soil columns experiment. The N fertilizer was split applied as basal and two supplementary fertilizations (named BF, SF1 and SF2, respectively). The results showed that WV-5 treatment increased rice grain yield up to 11.2% compared to the control. Compared with the control, four WV-amended treatments, exhibited lower pH values of the floodwater (7.94-8.18 vs 8.47 and 7.85-7.91 vs 7.98) and the topsoil (6.52-6.76 vs 6.82 and 6.82-6.92 vs 6.99) during the BF and SF1 periods. Both WV-5 and WV-10 increased the NH₄⁺-N contents of topsoil by 10.9-17.8% and 16.1-36.2% after BF and SF1, respectively, than control treatment. Additionally, the floodwater of the WV-amended treatments had higher NH₄⁺-N concentration than control during the first three days after N fertilization, which can be attributed to the stimulating effect of WV on soil urease enzyme activity. WV did not effectively reduce NH₃ volatilization as hypothesized. Interestingly, four WV-amended had relatively reduced the yield-scale NH₃ volatilization by 13.6% than the control. It is suggested that WV needs to be applied with BC at a moderate rate to achieve optimum rice yield and mitigate NH₃ volatilization.

Keywords: Ammonia volatilization; Atmospheric environment; Biochar; Pyroligneous acid; Resources recycling; Rice production.

MeSH terms

Acetic Acid*
Ammonia / analysis*
Ammonia / chemistry
Charcoal / chemistry*
Edible Grain / chemistry
Fertilizers / analysis
Methanol*
Nitrogen / analysis
Oryza / chemistry
Soil / chemistry
Urea / chemistry
Volatilization

Substances

Fertilizers
Soil
biochar
Charcoal
Ammonia
wood vinegar
Urea
Nitrogen
Acetic Acid
Methanol