Objective: To understand the health literacy and relevant factors of cancer prevention consciousness in Chinese urban residents from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the information of demographic characteristics and cancer prevention consciousness focusing on nine common risk factors, including smoking, alcohol, fiber food, food in hot temperature or pickled food, chewing betel nut, helicobacter pylori, moldy food, hepatitis B infection, estrogen, and exercise. The logistic regression model was adopted to identify the influencing factors. Results: The overall health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness was 77.4% (24 980 participants), with 77.4% (12 018 participants), 79.9% (6 406 participants), 77.2% (1 766 participants) and 74.5% (4 709 participants) in each group (P<0.001). The correct response rates for nine risk factors ranged from 55.2% to 93.0%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with community residents, people with primary school level education or below, and the number of people living together in the family <3, the cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population, cancer patients, those with junior high school level educationor above and the number of people living in the family ≥3 had better health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness (all P values <0.05). Compared with females, 39 years old and below, government-affiliated institutions or civil servants, from the eastern region, males, older than 40 years, company or enterprise employees, and from the middle or western region had worse health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness (all P values <0.05). Conclusion: The health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness in Chinese urban residents should be improved. The cancer screening intervention, gender, age, education, occupation, the number of people co-living in the family, and residential region were associated with the health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness.
目的： 了解2015—2017年中国城市居民肿瘤预防意识健康素养水平及相关因素。 方法： 采用横断面调查的方法，于2015—2017年以2015年度"城市癌症早诊早治项目"覆盖的16个项目省份为研究现场，采用整群及方便抽样的方法，将年龄≥18岁、能够理解调查程序的居民纳入研究。共纳入32 257名研究对象，社区居民、癌症风险评估/筛查干预人群、现患癌症患者及职业人群分别有15 524、8 016、2 289、6 428名。问卷收集一般人口学特征及针对9种常见致癌因素（吸烟、饮酒、纤维类食物、饮食过烫腌制食品或嚼食槟榔、幽门螺杆菌、霉变食物、乙型肝炎感染、雌激素、锻炼）的预防意识，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析肿瘤预防意识的相关因素。 结果： 研究对象中具备肿瘤预防意识者占77.4%，4类亚组人群分别为77.4%、79.9%、77.2%和74.5%。针对9种危险因素预防意识正确回答率为55.2%~93.0%。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示，癌症风险评估/筛查干预人群和现患癌症患者、初中及以上学历者、共同生活家庭人口数≥3名者的肿瘤预防意识健康素养较高（P值均<0.05）；男性、高年龄组（≥40岁）、企业人员/工人和公司职员等、中部和西部地区的人群肿瘤预防意识健康素养较低（P值均<0.05）。 结论： 中国城市居民肿瘤预防意识健康素养水平有待进一步提高；癌症筛查干预、性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、共同生活家庭人口数和地区等与肿瘤预防意识健康素养有关联。.
Keywords: Cancer prevention consciousness; Cross-sectional; Health literacy; Neoplasms; Urban population.