Drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: recent advances in the use of nanocarriers

Nanomedicine (Lond). 2020 Jan;15(2):205-214. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0367. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has a significant contribution to homeostasis and protection of the CNS. However, it also limits the crossing of therapeutics and thereby complicates the treatment of CNS disorders. To overcome this limitation, the use of nanocarriers for drug delivery across the BBB has recently been exploited. Nanocarriers can utilize different physiological mechanisms for drug delivery across the BBB and can be modified to achieve the desired kinetics and efficacy. Consequentially, several nanocarriers have been reported to act as functional nanomedicines in preclinical studies using animal models for human diseases. Given the rapid development of novel nanocarriers, this review provides a comprehensive insight into the most recent advancements made in nanocarrier-based drug delivery to the CNS, such as the development of multifunctional nanomedicines and theranostics.

Keywords: BBB; PLGA; brain; drug targeting; exosomes; liposomes nano; nanomedicines; nanoparticles; theranostics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Transport / drug effects
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / drug effects*
  • Brain / drug effects*
  • Central Nervous System Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Central Nervous System Diseases / pathology
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Humans
  • Nanomedicine / trends
  • Nanoparticles
  • Theranostic Nanomedicine / trends